Narrative Theory

Narrative theory is used to describe how a narrative is structured so that a plotline can be followed by the audience. It includes what should happen to the plot at different stages of the film aswell as who should be involved.

Narrative stucture is composed of a: Beginning (Equilibrium), Middle (Disequilibrium) and End (Resolution).

The Beginning: Here is where the film shows the audience the natural state of its universe. For example if the film was about a serial killer, the opening scenes would show the setting during a "normal" situation the character would experience. The state of equilibrium represents normality for the main character.

The Middle: This is where the main plot of the film begins as it marks the start of the disruption in the equilibrium, resulting in disequilibrium. This forms the majority of content of the film as the heroes role is to re-establish the quilibrium demonstrated at the start of the film.

The End: This is where a resolution to the problem occurs. There may be a return to the original equilibrium or a new equilibrium may occur dueto the events which took part during The Middleof the film.

Narrative Codes

Enigma Codes

These are used in films - usually seen at the beginning- to presents questions to the characters based on the scene. They range from questions that will be answered quickly, such as "what is the characters name?", to questions which will be answered towards the end of the film like "who is the serial killer?". Enigma codes are used as hooks to attract and lure the audience into watching the film. Some films even end with an enigma code which leave the audience with a sense of intrigue and the possibility of developing a sequel.

Enigma codes used in "Biohazard" Opening

Who is the character against the shed door?

What is making the thumping noise?

Why does the character look worried?

Who is the secondary character?

How are the characters connected?

Why does the secondary character have a knife?

Action Codes

These are the answers to the enigma codes presented to the audience in the film. These will be used to answer enigma codes at various points in the film and will provide the information needed by the audience in different forms, such as visual and audio cues. These are usually expressed through expositional information which can lead to unrealistic dialogue.

Action codes used in "Biohazard" Opening

Expositional information is shown through the characters dialogue, as the first character is referred to as "Max" and Max reveals he trapped something in the shed. A side on camera angle is used to show the figure exiting the shed and so information is also shown through camera angles in my film opening.